18. ASIRDA KUDÜS’TE SANAT VE MESLEK SAHİPLERİ ÇALIŞMA KURALLARININ TANZİMİNDE AHİLİK PRENSİPLERİNİN ETKİSİ

THE IMPACT OF THE PRINCIPLES OF BROTHERHOOD ON ORGANIZING THE RULES OF THE WORK OF PROFESSIONS AND CRAFTSMEN IN JERUSALEM IN THE 11TH CENTURY AH / 18TH CENTURY AD ERA

Abstract
The system of brotherhood, which spread in the country of Anatolia at the beginning of the seventh century AH, and talked about, with great admiration, the Muslim traveler from the Arab Maghreb Ibn Battuta at the beginning of the eighth century AH, and then spread throughout the Turkish country, and left a wide impact on many aspects of life in The Ottoman Empire, and even in the religious life of the Sufi methods. This indicates the ways in which the sciences and knowledge spread in the Islamic world in the presence of an Islamic Caliphate that respected the intellectual, linguistic and sectarian diversity of Muslims throughout the Islamic world. And the system of brotherhood was able after the disappearance of the bully system in most Arab countries as a system with clear rules and work foundations was able to give many of its organizational principles to many professionals and trades in the Islamic world in general, and in Palestine and Jerusalem in particular. This research is an attempt to examine the effect of the principles of brotherhood on the organization of a number of professions and craftsmen that appeared in Jerusalem in the eleventh century AH / XVII century and from its source is the documents of the Sharia Court in Jerusalem, where there were thirty denominations in Jerusalem represented all professions, which emerged in Jerusalem, starting from the highest profession in the social ladder, the profession of doctors, surgeons and sages to the lowest profession, the profession of scavengers, and how the Ottoman state determined its relations with the owners of those professions through two judicial positions: the legitimate ruler (judge), the customary ruler, and the distribution of these professions led to three segments of society in the house of the Bible, namely: Muslims and Christians, Jews, and the nature of the regulations imposed by the state on the followers of each craft.

Yazar: Prof. Dr. Mashour HABAZİ

Yıl: 2019